UPSC Indian Geography 02 - Himalayas (Divisions, Zones, Peaks & Passes)

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UPSC Indian Geography 02 - Himalayas (Divisions, Zones, Peaks & Passes)

Himalaya Divisions

• Himalaya-2400 kilometres, width 240 km
• Siwalik
• Lesser Himalaya
• Greater Himalayan
• Trans Himalayas

Shiwalik

• Separated by Main Boundary Fault from Himalayas
• Asks Dafla, Miri, Mishmi, Duars in North East

Lesser Himalayas

• Pir Panchal Ranges (J&K)- Chamba Valley, 
• Dhauladhar (White Mountain)- Shimla Dalhousie, 
• Mussoorie Range- Nainital, 
• Nag Tibba Range-Nepal, 
• Separated by Main Central thrust from Greater Himalaya

Greater Himalaya

• Tethyan Himalayan zone, 
• Burzil Pass, Zojila pass-Jammu
• Highest

Trans Himalayas

• Karakoram (K2,Broadpeak), 
• Ladakh- Rakaposhi, Gurla Mandhata 
• Kailash Ranges (Rinpoche / Fens),
• The Zanskar- Mount Kamet (Rupsu-Eastern Part)

Himalayan Zones

• Punjab Himalaya- Northwest upto Satluj, 
• Kumaon- Satluj to kali, 
• Central Himalaya - Nepal- Kali to Teesta, 
• Assam Himalaya from Brahmaputra

Other Peaks

• Lhotse- South Peak
• Tirch Mir - King of Shadow
• Acangua Peak - Andes- largest ranges outside Himalayas

Passes

• Burzil Pass & Zojila pass-Jammu , 
• Shipki Pass Himachal, 
• Niti pass & Lekh pass- Uttarakhand, 
• Nathula Pass Sikkim, 
• Jogbani pass-Bihar

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